13 research outputs found
Temporal, social, and meaningful aspects of information sharing behavior
Previous studies on resource-sharing behavior have revealed a number of factors which influence the decision-making process. For example, Allison and Messick (1990) found payoffs, resource divisibility, fate control, and social values to be significant factors influencing resource-sharing decisions. Information sharing behavior, however, remains relatively unexamined. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of three situational cues on information sharing behavior, including the type of information at hand (ambiguous or concrete), the amount of time allotted to complete a task, and the availability of a team of experts. Results indicated a two-way interaction between the type of information and target (partner or competitor), F(1, 76) = 39.28, p \u3c .001, demonstrating a tendency for individuals to share concrete information with their partners and ambiguous information with their competitors regardless of the given time frame or availability of a team of experts. These findings contradict those of Allison and Eylon (1996), which showed that participants preferred to share ambiguous information with their partners and concrete information with their competitors. Possible explanations for these findings and suggestions for future research involving information sharing behavior are discussed
Occupation and three-year incidence of respiratory symptoms and lung function decline: the ARIC Study
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Specific occupations are associated with adverse respiratory health. Inhalation exposures encountered in these jobs may place workers at risk of new-onset respiratory disease.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We analyzed data from 8,967 participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, a longitudinal cohort study. Participants included in this analysis were free of chronic cough and phlegm, wheezing, asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and other chronic lung conditions at the baseline examination, when they were aged 45-64 years. Using data collected in the baseline and first follow-up examination, we evaluated associations between occupation and the three-year incidence of cough, phlegm, wheezing, and airway obstruction and changes in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV<sub>1</sub>) and forced vital capacity (FVC) measured by spirometry. All associations were adjusted for age, cigarettes per day, race, smoking status, and study center.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>During the approximately three-year follow-up, the percentage of participants developing chronic cough was 3%; chronic phlegm, 3%; wheezing, 3%; and airway obstruction, defined as FEV<sub>1 </sub>< lower limit of normal (LLN) and FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC < LLN, 2%. The average annual declines in FEV<sub>1 </sub>and FVC were 56 mL and 66 mL, respectively, among men and 40 mL and 52 mL, respectively, among women. Relative to a referent category of managerial and administrative support occupations, elevated risks of new-onset chronic cough and chronic phlegm were observed for mechanics and repairers (chronic cough: RR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.02, 3.21; chronic phlegm: RR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.23, 3.57) and cleaning and building service workers (chronic cough: RR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.01, 3.37; chronic phlegm: RR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.27, 4.08). Despite the elevated risk of new-onset symptoms, employment in cleaning and building services was associated with attenuated lung function decline, particularly among men, who averaged annual declines in FEV<sub>1 </sub>and FVC of 14 mL and 23 mL, respectively, less than the declines observed in the referent population.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Employment in mechanic and repair jobs and cleaning and building service occupations are associated with increased incidence of respiratory symptoms. Specific occupations affect the respiratory health of adults without pre-existing respiratory health symptoms and conditions, though long-term health consequences of inhalation exposures in these jobs remain largely unexplored.</p
A Large Mass Hierarchy from a Small Extra Dimension
We propose a new higher-dimensional mechanism for solving the Hierarchy
Problem. The Weak scale is generated from a large scale of order the Planck
scale through an exponential hierarchy. However, this exponential arises not
from gauge interactions but from the background metric (which is a slice of
AdS_5 spacetime). This mechanism relies on the existence of only a single
additional dimension. We demonstrate a simple explicit example of this
mechanism with two three-branes, one of which contains the Standard Model
fields. The experimental consequences of this scenario are new and dramatic.
There are fundamental spin-2 excitations with mass of weak scale order, which
are coupled with weak scale as opposed to gravitational strength to the
standard model particles. The phenomenology of these models is quite distinct
from that of large extra dimension scenarios; none of the current constraints
on theories with very large extra dimensions apply.Comment: 9 pages, LaTe
Out Of This World Supersymmetry Breaking
We show that in a general hidden sector model, supersymmetry breaking
necessarily generates at one-loop a scalar and gaugino mass as a consequence of
the super-Weyl anomaly. We study a scenario in which this contribution
dominates. We consider the Standard Model particles to be localized on a
(3+1)-dimensional subspace or ``3-brane'' of a higher dimensional spacetime,
while supersymmetry breaking occurs off the 3-brane, either in the bulk or on
another 3-brane. At least one extra dimension is assumed to be compactified
roughly one to two orders of magnitude below the four-dimensional Planck scale.
This framework is phenomenologically very attractive; it introduces new
possibilities for solving the supersymmetric flavor problem, the gaugino mass
problem, the supersymmetric CP problem, and the mu-problem. Furthermore, the
compactification scale can be consistent with a unification of gauge and
gravitational couplings. We demonstrate these claims in a four-dimensional
effective theory below the compactification scale that incorporates the
relevant features of the underlying higher dimensional theory and the
contribution of the super-Weyl anomaly. Naturalness constraints follow not only
from symmetries but also from the higher dimensional origins of the theory. We
also introduce additional bulk contributions to the MSSM soft masses. This
scenario is very predictive: the gaugino masses, squark masses, and terms
are given in terms of MSSM renormalization group functions.Comment: 42 pages, LateX, references added, corrections added as Eqs. (43, 53
The Vehicle, Spring 1984
Vol. 25, No. 2
Table of Contents
The OpeningKathy Fordpage 3
PaintThomas B. Waltrippage 3
PhotographLisa Fresepage 4
City as Castigating AnimalJerry McAnultypage 5
LimitsMichelle Mitchellpage 6
In SilenceKeila Tooleypage 6
PhotographLisa Fresepage 7
Indian CreekJerry McAnultypage 8
The Right Idea about RainMichelle Mitchellpage 8
Van Gogh\u27s Young Male PeasantKeila Tooleypage 9
AbigailMaggie Kennedypage 9
CleaningJennifer K. Soulepage 10
Heat WaveJerry McAnultypage 11
VigilJanet Gracepage 11
Hatred of ClownsMichelle Mitchellpage 12
Trees in the YardKeila Tooleypage 13
Lost on Back RoadsToby Mirabellipage 13
The Death of My Father\u27s HandsGina Grillopage 14
Soft LandingMaggie Kennedypage 14
Incident in the Generic AisleMaggie Kennedypage 15
Happy Well-adjusted Individuals, ConsideringJennifer K. Soulepage 16
Old ManGina Grillopage 17
It Doesn\u27t MatterTed Boonepage 18
A Love Poem for Charles DonaldCathy Moepage 18
David Willey at Whitman WharfSue Oiler Millerpage 19
I Am the ArtsBrenda Renee Drummerpage 20
Mothers and DaughtersJennifer K. Soulepage 22
ScratchesMichelle Mitchellpage 26
SedativeStacey Flanniganpage 26
Calloused HandJanet Gracepage 27
Cool CatStacey Flanniganpage 27
For My History Teacher, Miss WilhelmCathy Moepage 28
Short Poem for Chris\u27s EyesBob Zordanipage 28
MissingMichelle Mitchellpage 29
Over ThereGraham Lewispage 30
Strange BedfellowsMaggie Kennedypage 31
Retired PlumberMichelle Mitchellpage 32
Rumors of War DeadKathy Fordpage 33
Night LightsKeila Tooleypage 33
Fish on the Train TracksJerry McAnultypage 34
DaddyKeily Tooleypage 34
A Message to the MessengerAmy Eadespage 35
Dancing AloneKathy Bowerpage 36
HandsMaggie Kennedypage 36
The Key to the Ladies\u27s RoomMichelle Mitchellpage 37
Crashing the BlueStacey Flanniganpage 37
The Cradle will FallMichelle Mitchellpate 38
One IslandKeila Tooleypage 38
Black Walnut PaintSue Oiler Millerpage 39
SerendipityGraham Lewispage 40
Cover ArtLisa Fresehttps://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1045/thumbnail.jp
Experimental Probes of the Randall-Sundrum Infinite Extra Dimension
The phenomenological possibilities of the Randall-Sundrum non-compact extra
dimension scenario with the AdS horizon increased to approximately a millimeter
length, corresponding to an effective brane tension of TeV^4, are investigated.
The corrections to the Newtonian potential are found to be the only
observationally accessible probe of this scenario, as previously suggested in
the literature. In particular, the presence of the continuum of KK modes does
not lead to any observable collider signatures. The extent to which
experimental tests of Newtonian gravity can distinguish this scenario from the
scenario of Arkani-Hamed, Dimopoulos, and Dvali with one and two millimeter
size extra dimensions is explicitly demonstrated.Comment: 22 pages, 2 figures, references adde
The Vehicle, Spring 1984
Vol. 25, No. 2
Table of Contents
The OpeningKathy Fordpage 3
PaintThomas B. Waltrippage 3
PhotographLisa Fresepage 4
City as Castigating AnimalJerry McAnultypage 5
LimitsMichelle Mitchellpage 6
In SilenceKeila Tooleypage 6
PhotographLisa Fresepage 7
Indian CreekJerry McAnultypage 8
The Right Idea about RainMichelle Mitchellpage 8
Van Gogh\u27s Young Male PeasantKeila Tooleypage 9
AbigailMaggie Kennedypage 9
CleaningJennifer K. Soulepage 10
Heat WaveJerry McAnultypage 11
VigilJanet Gracepage 11
Hatred of ClownsMichelle Mitchellpage 12
Trees in the YardKeila Tooleypage 13
Lost on Back RoadsToby Mirabellipage 13
The Death of My Father\u27s HandsGina Grillopage 14
Soft LandingMaggie Kennedypage 14
Incident in the Generic AisleMaggie Kennedypage 15
Happy Well-adjusted Individuals, ConsideringJennifer K. Soulepage 16
Old ManGina Grillopage 17
It Doesn\u27t MatterTed Boonepage 18
A Love Poem for Charles DonaldCathy Moepage 18
David Willey at Whitman WharfSue Oiler Millerpage 19
I Am the ArtsBrenda Renee Drummerpage 20
Mothers and DaughtersJennifer K. Soulepage 22
ScratchesMichelle Mitchellpage 26
SedativeStacey Flanniganpage 26
Calloused HandJanet Gracepage 27
Cool CatStacey Flanniganpage 27
For My History Teacher, Miss WilhelmCathy Moepage 28
Short Poem for Chris\u27s EyesBob Zordanipage 28
MissingMichelle Mitchellpage 29
Over ThereGraham Lewispage 30
Strange BedfellowsMaggie Kennedypage 31
Retired PlumberMichelle Mitchellpage 32
Rumors of War DeadKathy Fordpage 33
Night LightsKeila Tooleypage 33
Fish on the Train TracksJerry McAnultypage 34
DaddyKeily Tooleypage 34
A Message to the MessengerAmy Eadespage 35
Dancing AloneKathy Bowerpage 36
HandsMaggie Kennedypage 36
The Key to the Ladies\u27s RoomMichelle Mitchellpage 37
Crashing the BlueStacey Flanniganpage 37
The Cradle will FallMichelle Mitchellpate 38
One IslandKeila Tooleypage 38
Black Walnut PaintSue Oiler Millerpage 39
SerendipityGraham Lewispage 40
Cover ArtLisa Fresehttps://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1045/thumbnail.jp
Diagnostics of BAP1-Tumor Predisposition Syndrome by a Multitesting Approach: A Ten-Year-Long Experience
Germline mutations in the tumor suppressor gene BRCA1-associated protein-1 (BAP1) lead to BAP1 tumor predisposition syndrome (BAP1-TPDS), characterized by high susceptibility to several tumor types, chiefly melanoma, mesothelioma, renal cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma. Here, we present the results of our ten-year experience in the molecular diagnosis of BAP1-TPDS, along with a clinical update and cascade genetic testing of previously reported BAP1-TPDS patients and their relatives. Specifically, we sequenced germline DNA samples from 101 individuals with suspected BAP1-TPDS and validated pathogenic variants (PVs) by assessing BAP1 somatic loss in matching tumor specimens. Overall, we identified seven patients (7/101, 6.9%) carrying six different germline BAP1 PVs, including one novel variant. Consistently, cascade testing revealed a total of seven BAP1 PV carriers. In addition, we explored the mutational burden of BAP1-TPDS tumors by targeted next-generation sequencing. Lastly, we found that certain tumors present in PV carriers retain a wild-type BAP1 allele, suggesting a sporadic origin of these tumors or a functional role of heterozygous BAP1 in neoplastic development. Altogether, our findings have important clinical implications for therapeutic response of BAP1-TPDS patients
Diagnostics of BAP1-Tumor Predisposition Syndrome by a Multitesting Approach: A Ten-Year-Long Experience
Germline mutations in the tumor suppressor gene BRCA1-associated protein-1 (BAP1) lead to BAP1 tumor predisposition syndrome (BAP1-TPDS), characterized by high susceptibility to several tumor types, chiefly melanoma, mesothelioma, renal cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma. Here, we present the results of our ten-year experience in the molecular diagnosis of BAP1-TPDS, along with a clinical update and cascade genetic testing of previously reported BAP1-TPDS patients and their relatives. Specifically, we sequenced germline DNA samples from 101 individuals with suspected BAP1-TPDS and validated pathogenic variants (PVs) by assessing BAP1 somatic loss in matching tumor specimens. Overall, we identified seven patients (7/101, 6.9%) carrying six different germline BAP1 PVs, including one novel variant. Consistently, cascade testing revealed a total of seven BAP1 PV carriers. In addition, we explored the mutational burden of BAP1-TPDS tumors by targeted next-generation sequencing. Lastly, we found that certain tumors present in PV carriers retain a wild-type BAP1 allele, suggesting a sporadic origin of these tumors or a functional role of heterozygous BAP1 in neoplastic development. Altogether, our findings have important clinical implications for therapeutic response of BAP1-TPDS patients